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Paediatric surgery covers a vast range of procedures, from routine day-cases to highly complex life-saving operations performed on newborns. Because you are interested in healthcare management and platforms like Practo, having a structured view of these surgeries is helpful for service categorization.
Here is a comprehensive list of paediatric surgeries, categorized by the type of condition and age group.
1. Neonatal (Newborn) & Fetal Surgeries
These are performed on infants in their first 28 days of life, or sometimes even before birth.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) Repair: Closing a hole in the diaphragm to allow lungs to expand.
Gastroschisis & Omphalocele Repair: Correcting abdominal wall defects where intestines are outside the body.
Esophageal Atresia / Tracheoesophageal Fistula Repair: Connecting the esophagus to the stomach and closing abnormal links to the windpipe.
Intestinal Atresia Repair: Fixing segments of the bowel that are blocked or missing.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) Surgery: Removing dead intestinal tissue, common in premature babies.
EXIT Procedure: A rare surgery performed during a C-section while the baby is still attached to the placenta.
2. General Paediatric & Abdominal Surgeries
These are some of the most common procedures you would list on a clinic management platform.
Appendectomy: Removal of an inflamed appendix (usually laparoscopic).
Pyloromyotomy: To treat Pyloric Stenosis (a blockage between the stomach and small intestine in infants).
Hernia Repairs: Inguinal (groin) and Umbilical (belly button) hernias.
Orchiopexy: Surgery to move undescended testicles into the scrotum.
Splenectomy: Removal of the spleen (due to trauma or blood disorders).
Nuss Procedure: Repairing Pectus Excavatum (sunken chest) by placing a metal bar under the sternum.
3. Specialized Paediatric Sub-Specialties
Children often require specialists for specific organ systems:
| Specialty | Common Surgeries |
| Urology | Hypospadias repair, bladder exstrophy repair, kidney stone removal. |
| ENT | Tonsillectomy, Adenoidectomy, Myringotomy (Ear tubes). |
| Neurosurgery | VP Shunt placement (for hydrocephalus), Spina Bifida repair. |
| Orthopaedics | Clubfoot correction, Scoliosis surgery, Bone fracture setting. |
| Plastic Surgery | Cleft Lip and Palate repair, treatment of vascular malformations. |
4. Oncology & Long-Term Access
Surgeons also manage childhood cancers and long-term care needs:
Tumor Resections: Removing Wilms’ tumors (kidney) or Neuroblastomas.
Port-a-Cath / PICC Line Placement: Inserting long-term IV access for chemotherapy or nutrition.
G-Tube (Gastrostomy) Placement: Inserting a feeding tube directly into the stomach.